How to Enable SSH on Mac OS X

The Apple Mac OS X operating system has SSH installed by default but the SSH daemon is not enabled. This means you can't login remotely or do remote copies until you enable it.



To enable it, go to 'System Preferences'. Under 'Internet & Networking' there is a 'Sharing' icon. Run that. In the list that appears, check the 'Remote Login' option.



This starts the SSH daemon immediately and you can remotely login using your username. The 'Sharing' window shows at the bottom the name and IP address to use. You can also find this out using 'whoami' and 'ifconfig' from the Terminal application.

Installing RSYNC for Windows XP

With thanks to "Brent Norris" for his email and containing files.


I have created this page to help others who wish to use Rsync to backup M$ Windows based machines to Linux/Unix Servers or to other Windows Workstations/Servers. I hope you find this example useful. It is tried and tested for my case to backup my data from M$ Windows based to Mac OS X cross to the network at my office (PPTI BPID Kaltim).

This document will have you that you want to install rsync as daemon on M$ Windows based machines without installing the entire cygwin suite.

You will need the following files:

From Cygwin:

• cygpopt-0.dll


• cygwin1.dll


• rsync.exe

These are available from http://www.cygwin.com or you can download from here.

From the Windows NT or 2000 Resource Kit.

• instsrv.exe


• srvany.exe

For simplicity I have zipped and upload them up and made them available here.

OK.. Please be careful where you place the server as any one who can see it can read from this service.

1. Place rsync where you want to run it from.
   (I usually use C:\program files\rsync)


2. Put the two dll's anywhere in the path, usually C:\winnt\system32 or c:\windows\system32.


3. From a shell running in the directory containing instsrv and srvany type:
   (Replace C:\Rsync\ as appropriate)
   
   
   


4. You should now have a new service called Rsync and you can verify by looking in

   Start->Control Panel->Services

   (you can also open services.msc from a run command on Windows XP or newer)
   PLEASE, DON'T START IT YET!
   
   
   


5. If you want to run rsync in daemon mode you will need a configuration file. Here is the one I use, call it

   rsyncd.conf

   and place it in the same directory as rsync
   (C:\Program files\rsync\rsyncd.conf)
   
   use chroot = false
   strict modes = false
   hosts allow = *
   log file = c:/rsyncd.log
   
   [downloads]
   path = C:/Downloads/
   read only = yes
   
   [directory_d]
   path = D:/
   read only = yes
   
   (The command line to connect would look something like "rsync -vr server::dowloads", where server is the name of the server running the rsync daemon.)
   The first two lines are important for rsync to work on Windows.
   use chroot = false
   This command captured from my iMac PC.
   
   
   


6. You are going to need to hack some keys in the registry to make it work. Don't do this unless you are comfortable with the changes! Run regedit32 and add the following keys and values (quotation marks ARE IMPORTANT):
   
   HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE->SYSTEM->CurrentControlSet->Services->Rsync
   Edit->Add Key-> Key Name: Parameters
   Edit->Add Value-> Value Name: AppDirectory Value: "C:\Program Files\rsync"
   Edit->Add Value-> Value Name: Application Value: "C:\Program Files\rsync\rsync.exe"
   Edit->Add Value-> Value Name: AppParameters Value: --config="C:\Program Files\rsync\rsyncd.conf" --daemon --no-detach
   
   If you would like to add these keys automatically, there is a .reg file in the rsync.zip file hosted at the top. Just double click on rsync-param.reg
   
   Remember, unless you trust me implicitly, read the reg file and make sure you understand what it's doing before you run it.


7. You will probably have to open up the services control panel and double click on the Rsync service. Open the Log On tab and either change it to logon using the Local System account or edit the account information to a valid login account.


8. That's it, you should be able to start and stop the rsync service at will using the Services Control Panel. When running with the above configuration you should be able to test by attempting to telnet to port 873 from a remote machine. telnet rsync.server.com 873 (replacing rsync.server.com with your own server's address) You should get a connection to the rsync daemon running on your server.
   
   Here is capture firewall activity monitoring from my COMODO Firewall, and make sure that you hade add ports 873 into your firewall configuration to enable rsync services.
   
   

I hope to hear anyone who has any success with these page, and I always welcome comments and feedback.

Capture a Screenshot with Mac OS X

The Macintosh operating system has always made it easy to capture a screen shot (an image of your computer desktop or an active window). Here's a summary of all the methods you can use to capture your screen using Mac OS X.

1. To capture the entire desktop, press Command-Shift-3. The screen shot will be automatically saved as a file on your desktop.

2. To copy the entire desktop, press Command-Control-Shift-3. The screen shot will be placed on your clipboard for you to paste into another program.

3. To capture a portion of the desktop, press Command-Shift-4. A cross-hair cursor will appear and you can click and drag to select the area you wish to capture. When you release the mouse button, the screen shot will be automatically saved as a PNG file on your desktop. (The file is saved as PDF in Mac OS 10.3 and earlier.)

4. To capture a specific application window, press Command-Shift-4, then press the Spacebar. The cursor will change to a camera, and you can move it around the screen. As you move the cursor over an application window, the window will be highlighted. The entire window does not need to be visible for you to capture it. When you have the cursor over a window you want to capture, just click the mouse button and the screen shot will be saved as a PNG file on your desktop. (The file is saved as PDF in Mac OS 10.3 and earlier.)

5. Add Control to the two shortcuts above to place the screen shot on the clipboard instead of saving it to the desktop.

6. Another method for capturing screen shots in Mac OS X is by using the bundled Apple utility, Grab, located in the Applications > Utilities folder. Grab is useful if you need to include a cursor or a menu in your screen shot, or if you want to save your screen shot to TIFF format. To include a cursor, first go to Grab Preferences and select the cursor icon you wish to have in your screen shot. To capture the screen with Grab, run Grab, then choose of the capture modes from the "Capture" menu: Selection, Window, Screen, Timed Screen.



7. When you choose the Selection mode in Grab, you can capture a specific region of the screen by dragging around it. Grab will display a tooltip showing the size of the region you have selected and the screen shot will open in a window when you release the mouse button. The cursor will not be included.

8. When you choose the Window mode in Grab, an instruction window will appear asking you to select the window you wish to capture, then click the "Choose Window" button. When you click the button, the instructions will disappear and the window you click ill be captured, including the mouse cursor at the position where you click (if a cursor was selected in Preferences).

9. When you choose the Screen mode in Grab, an instruction window will appear asking you to click the screen when you are ready to capture. The mouse cursor will be included in your screen shot at the position where you click (if a cursor was selected in Preferences).

10. When you choose the Timed Screen mode in Grab, an instruction window will appear, allowing you to prepare your screen for capture. When you are ready, press the "Start Timer" button and you will have ten seconds before the screen is captured. This allows you to open menus and sub-menus, if necessary. After ten seconds the entire screen will be captured. The mouse cursor will be included in your screen shot if a cursor was selected in Preferences.